Symptoms, Causes and Prevention of scabies

Scabies, also known as sarcoptic mange or itch mite infestation, is a contagious skin condition caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. It is characterized by intense itching, especially at night, along with red, raised bumps or blisters on the skin. Scabies is typically spread through direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person or by sharing personal items such as bedding or clothing.

The female mites burrow into the top layer of the skin and lay eggs, which hatch and mature into new mites. The itching and rash occur as a result of an allergic reaction to the mites and their waste products. Scabies most commonly affects areas with thinner skin, such as the hands, wrists, elbows, armpits, genitals, and buttocks.

Treatment for scabies usually involves prescription medications, such as topical creams or lotions that contain insecticides like permethrin or benzyl benzoate. These medications are applied to the entire body and left on for a specified period, typically 8-14 hours, before being washed off. It is important to follow the instructions provided by your healthcare provider and, in some cases, treat all household members or close contacts as well.

Additionally, it is essential to thoroughly clean and wash any clothing, bedding, or personal items that may have come into contact with the mites. This helps to prevent reinfestation or spread of the mites to others.

CAUSES OF SCABIES

Scabies is a contagious skin infestation caused by tiny mites. These mites burrow into the skin, leading to intense itching, redness, and the presence of small, raised, thread-like tracks or blisters. The main cause of scabies is direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person. However, scabies can also spread indirectly through prolonged contact with contaminated objects such as bedding, clothing, or furniture. Crowded living conditions, close physical contact, compromised immune systems, and poor personal hygiene can increase the risk of scabies transmission. It is important to note that scabies can affect people of all ages and backgrounds. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment are crucial to prevent the spread of scabies and alleviate symptoms.

PREVENTION OF SCABIES

preventive measures that may help reduce the risk of contracting scabies:

1. Avoid close personal contact with individuals who have scabies or are suspected to have scabies.

2. Maintain good personal hygiene by regularly washing your hands with soap and water.

3. Avoid sharing personal items such as clothing, towels, or bedding with someone who has scabies.

4. If you come into contact with an infested person or their personal items, wash and dry your clothes on the hottest settings available.

5. Thoroughly vacuum areas where infested persons have spent time and dispose of the vacuum bag or contents immediately.

6. If you or someone you know has scabies, seek medical treatment to eliminate the infestation promptly.

CURE FOR SCABIES

The primary treatment for scabies, known medically as Sarcoptes scabiei infestation, involves the use of topical medications. 

The most commonly prescribed option is a scabicide cream or lotion containing permethrin. This medication should be applied to the entire body, from the neck down to the soles of the feet, and left on for the recommended duration before rinsing off. 

In some cases, oral medications such as ivermectin may be prescribed.

Alongside medication, it is important to wash and dry all clothes, bedding, and towels used by the affected individual in hot water and a hot dryer cycle. Any items that cannot be washed should be sealed in plastic bags for several days to help eliminate the mites.

Furthermore, cleaning the living environment is crucial for scabies eradication. Vacuuming furniture, carpets, and rugs can help remove any mites or eggs that may be present. It is also advisable to avoid close physical contact with others until the infestation has been successfully treated to prevent transmission.